背景資料：《聯(lián)合國年鑒》Yearbook of the United Nations 由聯(lián)合國新聞部(Department of Public
Information)編寫。《年鑒》提供有關(guān)聯(lián)合國活動、聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)以及相關(guān)機構(gòu)的信息，是研究機關(guān)、外交人員、政府官員重要的參考工具。《年鑒》按主題分為6個部分，包括：政治與問題;人權(quán)問題;經(jīng)濟與社會問題;法律問題;機構(gòu)、管理及預(yù)算問題;與聯(lián)合國相關(guān)的政府間組織。
一、英文原文
Major global trends such as population growth, urbanization, uneven
economic growth, increasing inequality, sudden or protracted political
transitions and climate change suggest that humanitarian caseloads will continue
to increase. Already, the consequences of disasters for national and regional
development, as well as economic growth, have led many Governments to bolster
national capacities for disaster management. People affected by emergencies also
increasingly use technology to articulate their needs, to seek resources from
their own communities, neighbors and Governments. Humanitarian actors can
leverage technology to distribute assistance more quickly and cost-efficiently
and to map hazards for better coordination and planning. It will be essential to
support innovation in the sector and for humanitarian organizations to harness
the opportunities technology can provide.
Member States and humanitarian actors are still better at responding to
crises than at preventing or preparing for them. Recognizing this, the United
Nations brought resilience to the forefront of the humanitarian agenda in 2012
through closer collaboration between humanitarian and development agencies to
manage risks and address the underlying vulnerabilities. Increased synergies
between disaster risk reduction, including preparedness, and climate change
mitigation and adaptation efforts will be needed.
Given the changing humanitarian landscape, we must continue to adapt and
update the international humanitarian system, making it more inclusive and
interoperable, connecting and convening all actors who want to contribute to
different aspects of preparedness, response, resilience and recovery. We must
put a greater premium on evidence, innovation and partnerships, as well as on
enhanced capacity, especially at the local level. More must be done to engage
affected countries. Preparations are under way for a World Humanitarian Summit
in 2016 to take stock of the changing environment, agree on how to adapt and
make humanitarian action fir for future challenges.
背景詞匯
1、聯(lián)合國人道主義援助(Humanitarian aid)
2、UNDP 聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署
3、UNHCR 聯(lián)合國難民署 (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees)
4、UNICEF 聯(lián)合國兒童基金會 (United Nations International Children‘s Emergency
Fund)
5、WFP 世界糧食計劃署
6、WHO 世界衛(wèi)生組織
二、翻譯策略
句1：Major global trends such as population growth, urbanization, uneven
economic growth, increasing inequality, sudden or protracted political
transitions and climate change suggest that humanitarian caseloads will continue
to increase.
背景詞匯
1. uneven economic growth 經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不平衡
2. sudden or protracted political transitions 政治過渡突發(fā)、政治困局曠日持久
3. caseload 工作量 (Humanitarian caseload 人道主義工作量)
參考譯文
人口增長、城市化發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟增長不平衡、不平等加劇、政治過渡突發(fā)、政治困局曠日持久( 政局動蕩)
、氣候變化等等，這些全球性趨勢表明，人道主義工作量將持續(xù)上升。
句2：Already, the consequences of disasters for national and regional
development, as well as economic growth, have led many Governments to bolster
national capacities for disaster management.
參考譯文
目前，各國政府已經(jīng)意識到，自然災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重影響國家和地區(qū)發(fā)展及經(jīng)濟增長，并致力于提高國家災(zāi)害管理能力。
句3：People affected by emergencies also increasingly use technology to
articulate their needs, to seek resources from their own communities, neighbors
and Governments.
翻譯技巧
1. people affected by emergencies 受災(zāi)群眾 (也可處理為狀語，受到緊急情況影響后，不太推薦，見后頁背景查證)
2. resources 是 assistance的同義復(fù)現(xiàn)
參考譯文
同時，受災(zāi)群眾也越來越多地應(yīng)用科技來表達訴求，以尋求社區(qū)、鄰居、政府的援助。
句4：Humanitarian actors can leverage technology to distribute assistance
more quickly and cost-efficiently and to map hazards for better coordination and
planning.
背景詞匯
1. Humanitarian actors 人道主義工作者
2. distribute assistance more quickly 提高援助行動效率
3. leverage 利用 (等于employ，utilize)
4. map hazards 制作風(fēng)險地圖 (1. 風(fēng)險地圖 2. 風(fēng)險圖 )
翻譯技巧
漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu);for better coordination and planning 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換
參考譯文
人道主義者也可以利用科技了解災(zāi)情。更好的協(xié)調(diào)，計劃，也能使他們進行更迅速，有效的人道主義援助。
句5：It will be essential to support innovation in the sector and for
humanitarian organizations to harness the opportunities technology can
provide.
翻譯技巧
it will be essential 不翻譯為”需要做的是”。
參考譯文
應(yīng)加強人道主義援助領(lǐng)域技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，為相關(guān)組織創(chuàng)造更多利用技術(shù)的機會，這至關(guān)重要。
句6：Member States and humanitarian actors are still better at responding to
crises than at preventing or preparing for them.
背景詞匯
preventing or prepar